Ilona Duczynska (Polish: Ilona Duczyńska, Hungarian: Duczynska Ilona, Ducsinszka Ilona; March 11, 1897 - April 24, 1978), a Polish-Hungarian female revolutionist, translator, a wife of Karl Polanyi.
In 1975 she published her book Workers in Arms: The Austrian Schutzbund and the Civil War of 1934.